Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
2014 survey results: distribution of administered activity and effective doses in selected nuclear medicine studies. MUGA = multigated acquisition; DMSA = dimercaptosuccinic acid; MAG3 = mercaptoacetyltriglycine; MAA = macroaggregated albumin; RBC = red blood cells; HMPAO = hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime; ECD = ethyl cysteinate dimer.
Tables
- TABLE 1
2014 and 2010 Survey Results on Administered Activity and Effective Dose in Selected Nuclear Medicine Studies
2014 survey results 2010 survey results Activity (MBq) Dose (mSv) Activity (MBq) Dose (mSv) Study Tracer Centers (n) Min Max Mean SD DRL (MBq) Factor (mSv/MBq) Mean SD DRL (mSv) Mean SD Mean SD P Cardiovascular Myocardial kinetic (MUGA) 99mTc-RBC 22 740.0 1480.0 1139.3 192.3 1,295.0 0.0070 8.0 1.4 9.1 1,177.7 163.7 8.2 1.2 0.4532 Myocardial perfusion–rest 99mTc-sestamibi 16 370.0 1,110.0 854.9 220.8 980.8 0.0090 7.7 2.0 8.8 969.9 276.2 8.7 2.5 Myocardial perfusion–rest 99mTc-tetrofosmin 5 444.0 925.0 777.0 217.3 925.0 0.0080 6.2 1.7 7.4 Myocardial perfusion–stress 99mTc-sestamibi 16 555.0 1,295.0 933.5 180.9 1,054.5 0.0079 7.4 1.4 8.3 1,059.8 196.0 8.4 1.6 Myocardial perfusion–stress 99mTc-tetrofosmin 5 666.0 1,221.0 932.4 196.5 925.0 0.0069 6.4 1.4 6.4 Myocardial perfusion–total Combined values 21 14.5 2.7 15.6 18.3 3.9 0.0002 Musculoskeletal Whole-body scan Bone scan 99mTc-MDP 22 740.0 1,110.0 996.8 100.1 1,110.0 0.0049 4.9 0.5 5.4 999.7 124.3 4.9 0.6 0.9255 Infection scan 67Ga-citrate 21 185.0 370.0 261.6 50.5 296.0 0.1000 26.2 5.0 29.6 310.0 61.3 31.0 6.1 0.0037 Extremities only Bone scan 99mTc-MDP 22 925.0 1,295.0 1,022.0 102.2 1,110.0 0.0049 5.0 0.5 5.4 Infection scan 67Ga-citrate 21 111.0 259.0 177.1 34.4 185.0 0.1000 17.7 3.4 18.5 Endocrinology Thyroid uptake 131I-sodium iodine 21 0.19 2.22 0.88 0.66 1.11 22 19.4 14.5 24.4 0.8 0.6 18.5 12.4 0.8136 Thyroid scan 99mTc-pertechnetate 21 296.0 740.0 415.8 109.7 370.0 0.0130 5.4 1.4 4.8 425.5 102.7 5.5 1.3 0.7516 Parathyroid scan 99mTc-sestamibi 21 555.0 1,295.0 946.9 204.5 1,110.0 0.0090 8.5 1.8 10.0 867.5 196.7 7.8 1.8 0.1730 Nephrourology Renal cortex 99mTc-DMSA 22 111.0 740.0 208.5 122.7 185.0 0.0088 1.8 1.1 1.6 198.0 50.4 1.7 0.4 0.7082 Renal scan with MAG3 99mTc-MAG3 22 185.0 555.0 336.4 111.2 370.0 0.0070 2.4 0.8 2.6 324.8 113.8 2.3 0.8 0.7214 Pulmonary Perfusion scan 99mTc-MAA 22 185.0 370.0 274.8 68.3 296.0 0.0110 3.0 0.8 3.3 244.3 56.5 2.69 0.62 0.1144 Aerosols (10% inhaled) 99mTc-aerosols 3 70.3 148.0 109.8 38.9 129.5 0.0140 1.5 0.5 1.8 102.1 31.0 1.4 0.4 0.7831 Technegas* (10% inhaled) 99mTc-Technegas* 19 36.4 76.7 56.9 20.1 74.0 0.0150 0.9 0.3 1.1 53.9 17.8 0.8 0.3 0.2267 Digestive Hepatobiliary (HIDA scan) 99mTc-HIDA analogs 22 185.0 370.0 222.0 59.3 222.0 0.0160 3.6 0.9 3.6 242.1 69.8 3.9 1.1 0.2681 Liver hemangioma scan 99mTc-RBC 22 740.0 1,480.0 1,122.5 157.1 1,177.5 0.0070 7.9 1.1 8.2 1,125.4 220.5 7.9 1.5 0.9568 Liver and spleen scan 99mTc-sulfur colloid 22 185.0 555.0 282.5 91.0 323.8 0.0091 2.6 0.8 2.9 279.6 59.8 2.5 0.5 0.8961 Neurology Perfusion scan 99mTc-HMPAO 6 925.0 1,110.0 1,048.3 95.5 1,110.0 0.0093 9.7 0.9 10.3 970.9 209.3 9.0 1.9 0.3756 Perfusion scan 99mTc-ECD 7 925.0 1,110.0 1,057.1 90.3 1,110.0 0.0077 8.1 0.7 8.5 1,118.1 144.0 8.6 1.1 0.2517 Glucose metabolism 18F-FDG 4 280.0 370.0 347.5 45.0 370.0 0.0190 6.6 0.9 7.0 228.2 125.9 4.3 2.4 0.2373 Oncology Glucose metabolism 18F-FDG 5 296.0 555.0 403.0 100.2 444.0 0.0190 7.7 1.9 8.4 394.6 78.2 7.5 1.5 0.8804 ↵* Cyclomedica.
Min = minimum; Max = maximum; MUGA = multigated acquisition; RBC = red blood cell; MDP = methylene diphosphonate; DMSA = dimercaptosuccinic acid; MAG3 = mercaptoacetyltriglycine; MAA = macroaggregated albumin; HIDA = hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid; HMPAO = hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime; ECD = ethyl cysteinate dimer.
- TABLE 2
Effective Dose Difference Between Imaging Protocols for Combined Stress and Rest Myocardial Perfusion Studies
Imaging protocol Centers (n) Mean effective dose (mSv) NaI(Tl) without resolution recovery tool 11 14.6 ± 2.3 NaI(Tl) with resolution recovery tool 5 16.7 ± 2.7 IQ SPECT 5 12.1 ± 1.6 CTDI (mGy) DLP (mGy × cm) Effective dose (mSv) Region SPECT/CT protocol Average SD Average SD Average SD Neck and thorax (20 cm) Parathyroid study 3.9 2.0 78.5 40.6 0.6 0.4 Thorax (20 cm) Attenuation correction for myocardial study 2.4 1.4 49.6 28.1 1.0 0.6 Thorax (30 cm) 67Ga-citrate for infection study 2.7 1.2 83.4 37.2 1.8 1.2
