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Research ArticleImaging

Geometric Calibration and Image Reconstruction for a Segmented Slant-Hole Stationary Cardiac SPECT System

Yanfei Mao, Zhicong Yu and Gengsheng L. Zeng
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology June 2015, 43 (2) 103-112; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.114.153668
Yanfei Mao
1Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research (UCAIR), Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
2Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Zhicong Yu
3Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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Gengsheng L. Zeng
1Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research (UCAIR), Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
4Department of Engineering, Weber State University, Ogden, Utah
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    Illustration of proposed 7-segment slant-hole collimator. Projection is elongated at outer sections. Dashed ellipses represent projection on that section of detector when sphere is placed at rotation center.

  • FIGURE 2.
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    FIGURE 2.

    Cross section of common volume (CV) in x,y-plane.

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    FIGURE 3.

    Definition of slant angles η and φ, detector coordinates, and object coordinates. z-axis is rotation axis of detector.

  • FIGURE 4.
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    FIGURE 4.

    Setup of point source P.

  • FIGURE 5.
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    FIGURE 5.

    Illustration of geometric response for parallel holes and slant holes.

  • FIGURE 6.
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    FIGURE 6.

    Close-up diagram of footprint of point response function with respect to slant angles α and β.

  • FIGURE 7.
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    FIGURE 7.

    Reconstruction results of point source without (left) and with (right) blurring correction. Five and 50 iterations were used, respectively.

  • FIGURE 8.
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    FIGURE 8.

    Reconstruction results of 2 point sources at 50 iterations. Left one was reconstructed with true parameters. Right one was reconstructed with estimated parameters. Blurring correction was applied in both images.

  • FIGURE 9.
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    FIGURE 9.

    rojection of point source at 90°.

  • FIGURE 10.
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    FIGURE 10.

    Reconstruction results of point source. From left to right: without calibration, with joint estimation calibration but no blurring correction, with joint estimation calibration and blurring correction. Sixty iterations were applied.

  • FIGURE 11.
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    FIGURE 11.

    Projection of heart phantom at 0° and 90°.

  • FIGURE 12.
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    FIGURE 12.

    Reconstruction results of heart phantom without calibration (top), with calibration but no blurring correction(middle), and with calibration and blurring correction (bottom). From left to right: vertical long-axis, short-axis, and horizontal long-axis cuts. All images were reconstructed at 80 iterations.

  • FIGURE 13.
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    FIGURE 13.

    Slices showing defect before (top) and after (bottom) calibration. VLA cut is on left, SA cut on right. Blurring correction was applied. All images were scaled to [0 255] and were displayed using the same scale. Image contrast was enhanced for better visualization of defect. A color version of this figure is available as a supplemental file at http://tech.snmjournals.org.

Tables

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    TABLE 1

    System Parameters

    ParameterData
    Isotope 99mTc
    Activity3 MBq
    Energy window15%
    Hole shapeHexagon
    Hole diameter1.9 mm
    Septal thickness0.3 mm
    Rotation radius f 266.5 mm
    ηII −25.7°
    ηIII 12.9°
    ηIV 35.0°
    ηV −35.0°
    ηVI −12.9°
    ηVII 25.7°
    φII 22.0°
    φIII 24.5°
    φIV 6.1°
    φV −6.1°
    φVI −24.5°
    φVII −22.0°
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    TABLE 2

    Collimator Information Provided by Manufacturer

    Section no.Slant angle β (deg)Septum length (mm)
    II and VII2516.6
    III and VI22.3516.22
    IV and V2817
    I015
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    TABLE 3

    Independently Estimated Parameters with Point Source off Rotation Axis

    Section no.Estimated η (deg)η-error (%)Estimated f (mm)Estimated φ (deg)φ-error (%)Estimated f (mm)
    II−27.25.8250.921.90.5266.5
    III13.76.2253.124.81.2261.8
    IV35.92.6259.87.116.4226.2
    V−35.82.3260.3−6.33.3256.3
    VI−13.65.4251.7−24.81.2261.9
    VII25.70.0267.0−22.00.0265.1
    f (mm)256.7 ± 11.1
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    TABLE 4

    Jointly Estimated Parameters, Giving Improved Results

    Section no.Estimated η (deg)η-error (%)Estimated φ (deg)φ-error (%)Estimated f (mm) f-error (%)
    II−25.80.422.10.5265.50.4
    III12.90.024.60.4265.50.4
    IV35.10.36.10.0265.50.4
    V−35.10.3−6.10.0265.50.4
    VI−12.90.0−24.60.4265.50.4
    VII25.80.4−22.10.5265.50.4
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    TABLE 5

    Parameters for Segmented Slant-Hole Collimator Obtained from Calibration

    Section no.Independent estimated η (deg)Independent estimated f (mm)Independent estimated φ (deg)Independent estimated f (mm)Joint estimated η (deg)Joint estimated φ (deg)Joint estimated f (mm)
    II−24.6285.529.3239.2−28.1 ± 0.228.1 ± 0.2249.2 ± 2
    III17.6233.129.2242.316.1 ± 0.127.7 ± 0.2249.2 ± 2
    IV42.2240.45.2245.739.6 ± 0.24.4 ± 0.1249.2 ± 2
    V−38.7253.9−3.7255.0−39.6 ± 0.2−4.4 ± 0.1249.2 ± 2
    VI−14.8257.1−28.2224.7−16.1 ± 0.1−27.7 ± 0.2249.2 ± 2
    VII29.8239.7−29.1228.128.1 ± 0.2−28.1 ± 0.2249.2 ± 2

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 43 (2)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 43, Issue 2
June 1, 2015
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Geometric Calibration and Image Reconstruction for a Segmented Slant-Hole Stationary Cardiac SPECT System
Yanfei Mao, Zhicong Yu, Gengsheng L. Zeng
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jun 2015, 43 (2) 103-112; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.114.153668

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Geometric Calibration and Image Reconstruction for a Segmented Slant-Hole Stationary Cardiac SPECT System
Yanfei Mao, Zhicong Yu, Gengsheng L. Zeng
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jun 2015, 43 (2) 103-112; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.114.153668
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Keywords

  • Geometric calibration
  • cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
  • collimator
  • slant-hole
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