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OtherRADIATION SAFETY

18F Protection Issues: Human and γ-Camera Considerations

ZongJian Cao, James H. Corley and Jerry Allison
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology December 2003, 31 (4) 210-215;
ZongJian Cao
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James H. Corley
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Jerry Allison
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    Experimental setup. 18F source was placed directly behind lead shield. Dose rates were measured on other side of lead shield at different distances from source using high-pressure ionization chamber.

  • FIGURE 2.
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    FIGURE 2.

    Dose rates of 18F vial (• and solid curve) and cylinder (▪ and dashed curve) in air as function of distance. Both curves were obtained by fitting to data points using inverse square function. Fitting result is given in Equation 3.

Tables

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    TABLE 1

    Dose Rates of 18F Vial and 18F Cylinder in Air

    Distance (m)Vial dose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Cylinder dose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Cylinder/vial dose-rate ratio
    0.103,6862,6620.72
    0.502261500.66
    1.0063.338.00.60
    1.5030.517.20.56
    2.0014.310.10.71
    2.509.326.500.70
    3.006.254.510.72
    3.504.852.900.60
    4.003.932.470.63
    4.503.271.670.51
    5.002.551.290.51
    5.501.800.860.48
    • View popup
    TABLE 2

    Dose Rates of 18F Vial in Air and Shielded with 0.318 or 5.08-cm-Thick Lead

    Distance (m)Dose rate in air (μGy/h/370 MBq)0.318-cm lead shielding5.08-cm lead shielding
    Dose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Lead/in-air dose-rate ratioDose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Lead/in-air dose-rate ratio
    0.502261360.604.530.020
    1.0063.335.00.552.480.039
    1.5030.515.90.521.390.046
    2.0014.38.990.630.560.039
    2.509.325.440.58
    3.006.254.060.65
    3.504.852.950.61
    4.003.932.340.60
    4.503.271.760.54
    5.002.551.190.47
    • View popup
    TABLE 3

    Measured and Calculated Dose Rates of 18F Vial Shielded with 0.318-cm-Thick Lead

    Distance (m)Measured dose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Calculated dose rate* (μGy/h/370 MBq)Measured/calculated dose-rate ratio
    0.50136132.81.02
    1.0035.033.21.05
    1.5015.914.81.08
    2.008.998.31.08
    2.505.445.31.02
    3.004.063.71.10
    3.502.952.71.09
    4.002.342.11.13
    4.501.761.61.07
    5.001.191.30.90
    • ↵* Calculated using Equation 1 with I0 the in-air dose rate given by Equation 3 for same distance.

    • View popup
    TABLE 4

    Measured and Calculated Dose Rates of 18F Vial Shielded with 5.08-cm-Thick Lead

    Distance (m)Measured dose rate (μGy/h/370 MBq)Calculated dose rate* (μGy/h/370 MBq)Measured/calculated dose-rate ratio
    0.504.530.0403112
    1.002.480.0101246
    1.501.390.0045311
    2.000.560.0025222
    • ↵* Calculated using Equation 1 with I0 the in-air dose rate given by Equation 3 for same distance.

    • View popup
    TABLE 5

    Counting Rates in 140-keV Window of Orbiter Camera Due to Nearby 18F Cylinder

    Detector-to-18F source distance (m)Counting rate when facing 18F source (count/min/185 MBq)Counting rate when facing floor (count/min/185 MBq)Counting rate when facing away from source (count/min/185 MBq)No source (count/min)
    3.0122,48731,67132,2273,234
    7.524,501
    11.013,468
    • View popup
    TABLE 6

    Counting Rates of Vertex Camera Due to 18F Cylinder

    Energy windowCounting rate when facing source (count/min/185 MBq)Counting rate when facing floor (count/min/185 MBq)Counting rate when facing away from source (count/min/185 MBq)No source (count/min)
    99mTc150,5837,12515,8382,332
    201Tl261,93910,41521,6883,430
    67Ga405,62217,32038,5025,446
    • Source-to-detector distance was 4 m.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 31 (4)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 31, Issue 4
December 1, 2003
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18F Protection Issues: Human and γ-Camera Considerations
ZongJian Cao, James H. Corley, Jerry Allison
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Dec 2003, 31 (4) 210-215;

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18F Protection Issues: Human and γ-Camera Considerations
ZongJian Cao, James H. Corley, Jerry Allison
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Dec 2003, 31 (4) 210-215;
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