Skip to main content
  • Main menu
  • User menu
  • Search
  • English ▼
    • English
    • Afrikaans
    • Albanian
    • Amharic
    • Arabic
    • Armenian
    • Azerbaijani
    • Basque
    • Belarusian
    • Bengali
    • Bosnian
    • Bulgarian
    • Catalan
    • Cebuano
    • Chichewa
    • Chinese (Simplified)
    • Chinese (Traditional)
    • Corsican
    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Danish
    • Dutch
    • Esperanto
    • Estonian
    • Filipino
    • Finnish
    • French
    • Frisian
    • Galician
    • Georgian
    • German
    • Greek
    • Gujarati
    • Haitian Creole
    • Hausa
    • Hawaiian
    • Hebrew
    • Hindi
    • Hmong
    • Hungarian
    • Icelandic
    • Igbo
    • Indonesian
    • Irish
    • Italian
    • Japanese
    • Javanese
    • Kannada
    • Kazakh
    • Khmer
    • Korean
    • Kurdish (Kurmanji)
    • Kyrgyz
    • Lao
    • Latin
    • Latvian
    • Lithuanian
    • Luxembourgish
    • Macedonian
    • Malagasy
    • Malay
    • Malayalam
    • Maltese
    • Maori
    • Marathi
    • Mongolian
    • Myanmar (Burmese)
    • Nepali
    • Norwegian
    • Pashto
    • Persian
    • Polish
    • Portuguese
    • Punjabi
    • Romanian
    • Russian
    • Samoan
    • Scottish Gaelic
    • Serbian
    • Sesotho
    • Shona
    • Sindhi
    • Sinhala
    • Slovak
    • Slovenian
    • Somali
    • Spanish
    • Sudanese
    • Swahili
    • Swedish
    • Tajik
    • Tamil
    • Telugu
    • Thai
    • Turkish
    • Ukrainian
    • Urdu
    • Uzbek
    • Vietnamese
    • Welsh
    • Xhosa
    • Yiddish
    • Yoruba
    • Zulu

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
      • JNMT Supplement
    • Ahead of print
    • Past Issues
    • Continuing Education
    • JNMT Podcast
    • SNMMI Annual Meeting Abstracts
  • Subscriptions
    • Subscribers
    • Rates
    • Journal Claims
    • Institutional and Non-member
  • Authors
    • Submit to JNMT
    • Information for Authors
    • Assignment of Copyright
    • AQARA Requirements
  • Info
    • Reviewers
    • Permissions
    • Advertisers
    • Corporate & Special Sales
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • Contact Information
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Help
    • SNMMI Journals
  • SNMMI
    • JNMT
    • JNM
    • SNMMI Journals
    • SNMMI

User menu

  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
  • SNMMI
    • JNMT
    • JNM
    • SNMMI Journals
    • SNMMI
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

Advanced Search

English ▼
  • English
  • Afrikaans
  • Albanian
  • Amharic
  • Arabic
  • Armenian
  • Azerbaijani
  • Basque
  • Belarusian
  • Bengali
  • Bosnian
  • Bulgarian
  • Catalan
  • Cebuano
  • Chichewa
  • Chinese (Simplified)
  • Chinese (Traditional)
  • Corsican
  • Croatian
  • Czech
  • Danish
  • Dutch
  • Esperanto
  • Estonian
  • Filipino
  • Finnish
  • French
  • Frisian
  • Galician
  • Georgian
  • German
  • Greek
  • Gujarati
  • Haitian Creole
  • Hausa
  • Hawaiian
  • Hebrew
  • Hindi
  • Hmong
  • Hungarian
  • Icelandic
  • Igbo
  • Indonesian
  • Irish
  • Italian
  • Japanese
  • Javanese
  • Kannada
  • Kazakh
  • Khmer
  • Korean
  • Kurdish (Kurmanji)
  • Kyrgyz
  • Lao
  • Latin
  • Latvian
  • Lithuanian
  • Luxembourgish
  • Macedonian
  • Malagasy
  • Malay
  • Malayalam
  • Maltese
  • Maori
  • Marathi
  • Mongolian
  • Myanmar (Burmese)
  • Nepali
  • Norwegian
  • Pashto
  • Persian
  • Polish
  • Portuguese
  • Punjabi
  • Romanian
  • Russian
  • Samoan
  • Scottish Gaelic
  • Serbian
  • Sesotho
  • Shona
  • Sindhi
  • Sinhala
  • Slovak
  • Slovenian
  • Somali
  • Spanish
  • Sudanese
  • Swahili
  • Swedish
  • Tajik
  • Tamil
  • Telugu
  • Thai
  • Turkish
  • Ukrainian
  • Urdu
  • Uzbek
  • Vietnamese
  • Welsh
  • Xhosa
  • Yiddish
  • Yoruba
  • Zulu
  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
    • Ahead of print
    • Past Issues
    • Continuing Education
    • JNMT Podcast
    • SNMMI Annual Meeting Abstracts
  • Subscriptions
    • Subscribers
    • Rates
    • Journal Claims
    • Institutional and Non-member
  • Authors
    • Submit to JNMT
    • Information for Authors
    • Assignment of Copyright
    • AQARA Requirements
  • Info
    • Reviewers
    • Permissions
    • Advertisers
    • Corporate & Special Sales
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • Contact Information
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Help
    • SNMMI Journals
  • Watch or Listen to JNMT Podcast
  • Visit SNMMI on Facebook
  • Join SNMMI on LinkedIn
  • Follow SNMMI on Twitter
  • Subscribe to JNMT RSS feeds
Research ArticleImaging

Time-of-Flight Information Improved the Detectability of Subcentimeter Spheres Using a Clinical PET/CT Scanner

Naoki Hashimoto, Keishin Morita, Yuji Tsutsui, Kazuhiko Himuro, Shingo Baba and Masayuki Sasaki
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology September 2018, 46 (3) 268-273; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.117.204735
Naoki Hashimoto
1Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Keishin Morita
1Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yuji Tsutsui
1Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
2Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kazuhiko Himuro
2Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Shingo Baba
2Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Masayuki Sasaki
1Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Tables
  • FIGURE 1.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    FIGURE 1.

    (A) Photograph of hot sphere phantoms. (B) Axial CT image of NEMA phantom with spheres.

  • FIGURE 2.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    FIGURE 2.

    Use of different reconstruction algorithms on PET images of phantom. (A) On 120-min acquisition, small hot spheres were better seen on TOF images and on images reconstructed with 2-mm voxels. (B) On 2-min acquisition, a similar pattern was observed.

  • FIGURE 3.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    FIGURE 3.

    Visual assessment of PET images: 120-min (A and B) and 2-min (C and D) acquisitions; 4-mm (A and C) and 2-mm (B and D) voxel reconstructions.

Tables

  • Figures
    • View popup
    TABLE 1

    CV of Background on Phantom Images

    CV of background (%)*
    Acquisition timeVoxel sizeOSEMOSEM+PSFOSEM+TOF
    120 min4 mm2.92.82.3
    2 mm4.43.73.5
    2 min4 mm15.0 ± 1.414.0 ± 2.113.0 ± 1.0
    2 mm28.7 ± 3.721.4 ± 3.624.6 ± 0.4
    • ↵* Data are mean, or mean ± SD.

    • View popup
    TABLE 2

    Detectability in Standard- and Small-Voxel Reconstructions

    Sphere diameter (mm)*
    Acquisition timeVoxel size456810
    120 min
     OSEM4 mm6.813.333.578.5166.7
     2 mm13.122.345.092.8151.9
     OSEM+PSF4 mmNA11.130.177.4195.6
     2 mm7.115.840.9116.1265.4
     OSEM+TOF4 mm9.519.648.3105.1211.2
     2 mm14.631.361.2137.2190.3
    2 min
     OSEM4 mmNA3.1 ± 4.47.6 ± 6.213.6 ± 4.334.6 ± 11.4
     2 mmNANA12.7 ± 13.215.2 ± 5.632.2 ± 15.4
     OSEM+PSF4 mmNA2.8 ± 3.27.8 ± 6.514.0 ± 1.841.3 ± 9.4
     2 mmNA3.7 ± 3.011.4 ± 9.616.4 ± 2.347.5 ± 10.5
     OSEM+TOF4 mmNA4.6 ± 0.28.4 ± 5.117.0 ± 1.540.2 ± 10.2
     2 mmNANA12.2 ± 5.517.0 ± 2.530.3 ± 5.6
    • ↵* Data are mean, or mean ± SD.

    • NA = not available.

    • View popup
    TABLE 3

    RC in Standard- and Small-Voxel Reconstructions

    Sphere diameter (mm)*
    Acquisition timeVoxel size456810
    120 min
     OSEM4 mm0.120.130.190.320.56
     2 mm0.140.170.260.450.68
     OSEM+PSF4 mmNA0.120.160.280.58
     2 mm0.110.130.210.440.90
     OSEM+TOF4 mm0.120.140.200.330.56
     2 mm0.130.180.270.500.67
    2 min
     OSEM4 mmNA0.12 ± 0.050.18 ± 0.080.25 ± 0.060.52 ± 0.17
     2 mmNANA0.22 ± 0.180.26 ± 0.110.53 ± 0.29
     OSEM+PSF4 mmNA0.11 ± 0.030.16 ± 0.060.24 ± 0.040.56 ± 0.15
     2 mmNA0.12 ± 0.040.22 ± 0.110.32 ± 0.100.80 ± 0.30
     OSEM+TOF4 mmNA0.14 ± 0.010.18 ± 0.050.27 ± 0.020.53 ± 0.07
     2 mmNANA0.22 ± 0.090.27 ± 0.010.45 ± 0.03
    • ↵* Data are mean, or mean ± SD.

    • NA = not available.

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 46 (3)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 46, Issue 3
September 1, 2018
  • Table of Contents
  • About the Cover
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Email Article
Citation Tools
Share
Time-of-Flight Information Improved the Detectability of Subcentimeter Spheres Using a Clinical PET/CT Scanner
Naoki Hashimoto, Keishin Morita, Yuji Tsutsui, Kazuhiko Himuro, Shingo Baba, Masayuki Sasaki
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Sep 2018, 46 (3) 268-273; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.117.204735
Twitter logo Facebook logo LinkedIn logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • MATERIALS AND METHODS
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • CONCLUSION
    • DISCLOSURE
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Continuous Bed Motion in a Silicon Photomultiplier-Based Scanner Provides Equivalent Spatial Resolution and Image Quality in Whole-Body PET Images at Similar Acquisition Times Using the Step-and-Shoot Method
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Early 10-Minute Postinjection [18F]F-FAPI-42 uEXPLORER Total-Body PET/CT Scanning Protocol for Staging Lung Cancer Using HYPER Iterative Reconstruction
  • Single- Versus Dual-Time-Point Imaging for Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloid Using 99mTc-Pyrophosphate
  • Monte Carlo Simulation of Characteristics of Discovery NM/CT 670 Pro SPECT System for Routinely Used Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radionuclides
Show more Imaging

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • instrumentation
  • PET/CT
  • point-spread function
  • small voxel size
  • subcentimeter sphere
  • time-of-flight
SNMMI

© 2025 SNMMI

Powered by HighWire
Alerts for this Article
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email this Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Time-of-Flight Information Improved the Detectability of Subcentimeter Spheres Using a Clinical PET/CT Scanner
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology web site.
Citation Tools
Time-of-Flight Information Improved the Detectability of Subcentimeter Spheres Using a Clinical PET/CT Scanner
Naoki Hashimoto, Keishin Morita, Yuji Tsutsui, Kazuhiko Himuro, Shingo Baba, Masayuki Sasaki
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Sep 2018, 46 (3) 268-273; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.117.204735

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero

We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience

By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies.