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Research ArticlePRACTICE GUIDELINE

SNM Practice Guideline for Parathyroid Scintigraphy 4.0

Bennett S. Greenspan, Gary Dillehay, Charles Intenzo, William C. Lavely, Michael O'Doherty, Christopher J. Palestro, William Scheve, Michael G. Stabin, Delynn Sylvestros and Mark Tulchinsky
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology June 2012, 40 (2) 111-118; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.112.105122
Bennett S. Greenspan
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Gary Dillehay
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Charles Intenzo
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William C. Lavely
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Michael O'Doherty
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Christopher J. Palestro
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William Scheve
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Michael G. Stabin
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Delynn Sylvestros
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Mark Tulchinsky
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

    • View popup
    TABLE 1

    Radiation Dosimetry for Adults

    Administered activityLargest radiation doseEffective doseEffective dose
    RadiopharmaceuticalMBqmCiOrganmGy/MBqrad/mCimGyradmSv/MBqrem/mCimSvrem
    99mTc-pertechnetate*(no blocking agent)75–150 intravenously2–4Upper large intestine0.0570.214.3–8.60.43–0.860.0130.0480.98–2.00.098–0.2
    99mTc-sestamibi (rest)*185–925 intravenously5–25Gallbladder0.0390.147.2–360.72–3.60.0090.0331.6–8.30.16–0.83
    99mTc-tetrofosmin (rest)†185–925 intravenously5–25Gallbladder0.0270.105.0–250.5–2.50.00690.0261.3–6.40.13–0.64
    123I-iodide (assuming 35% uptake)‡7.5–20 by mouth0.2–0.6Thyroid4.51734–903.4–9.00.220.811.6–4.40.16–0.44
    • ↵* ICRP publication 80, 1998 (28).

    • ↵† ICRP publication 106, 2008 (27).

    • ↵‡ ICRP publication 53, 1987 (29), and ICRP publication 80, 1998 (28).

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    TABLE 2

    Radiation Dosimetry in Fetus/Embryo: 99Tc-Sestamibi, Rest

    Fetal dose
    Stage of gestationmGy/MBqrad/mCi
    Early0.0150.055
    3 mo0.0120.044
    6 mo0.00840.031
    9 mo0.00540.020
    • Dose estimates to fetus were provided by Russell et al. (30) No information about possible placental crossover of this compound was available for use in estimating fetal doses.

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    TABLE 3

    Radiation Dosimetry in Fetus/Embryo: 99Tc-Tetrofosmin

    Fetal dose
    Stage of gestationmGy/MBqrad/mCi
    Early0.00960.036
    3 mo0.00700.026
    6 mo0.00540.020
    9 mo0.00360.013
    • Dose estimates to fetus were provided by Russell et al. (30). No information about possible placental crossover of this compound was available for use in estimating fetal doses. Separate estimates were not given for rest and exercise subjects.

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    TABLE 4

    Radiation Dosimetry in Fetus/Embryo: 99mTc-Pertechnetate

    Fetal dose
    Stage of gestationmGy/MBqrad/mCi
    Early0.0110.041
    3 mo0.0220.081
    6 mo0.0140.052
    9 mo0.00930.034
    • Dose estimates to fetus were provided by Russell et al. (30). Information about possible placental crossover of this compound was available and was used in estimating fetal doses.

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    TABLE 5

    Radiation Dosimetry in Fetus/Embryo: 123I-NaI

    Fetal dose
    Stage of gestationmGy/MBqrad/mCi
    Early0.0200.074
    3 mo0.0140.052
    6 mo0.0110.041
    9 mo0.00980.036
    • Dose estimates to fetus were provided by Russell et al. (30). Information about possible placental crossover of this compound was available and was used in estimating fetal doses.

    • View popup
    TABLE 6

    Radiation Dosimetry in Fetus/Embryo: Dose to Fetal Thyroid

    Fetal thyroid dose*
    Stage of gestationmGy/MBqrad/mCi
    3 mo2.710
    4 mo2.69.6
    5 mo6.424
    6 mo6.424
    7 mo4.115
    8 mo4.015
    9 mo2.911
    • ↵* Per unit activity administered to the mother.

    • The fetal thyroid takes up iodine after 10–13 wk of gestation (31).

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 40 (2)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 40, Issue 2
June 1, 2012
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SNM Practice Guideline for Parathyroid Scintigraphy 4.0
Bennett S. Greenspan, Gary Dillehay, Charles Intenzo, William C. Lavely, Michael O'Doherty, Christopher J. Palestro, William Scheve, Michael G. Stabin, Delynn Sylvestros, Mark Tulchinsky
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jun 2012, 40 (2) 111-118; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.112.105122

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SNM Practice Guideline for Parathyroid Scintigraphy 4.0
Bennett S. Greenspan, Gary Dillehay, Charles Intenzo, William C. Lavely, Michael O'Doherty, Christopher J. Palestro, William Scheve, Michael G. Stabin, Delynn Sylvestros, Mark Tulchinsky
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jun 2012, 40 (2) 111-118; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.112.105122
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  • Article
    • PREAMBLE
    • I. INTRODUCTION
    • II. GOALS
    • III. DEFINITIONS
    • IV. COMMON CLINICAL INDICATIONS
    • V. QUALIFICATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY OF PERSONNEL
    • VI. PROCEDURE/SPECIFICATIONS OF THE EXAMINATION
    • VII. DOCUMENTATION/REPORTING
    • VIII. EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION
    • IX. QUALITY CONTROL AND IMPROVEMENT, SAFETY, INFECTION CONTROL, AND PATIENT EDUCATION CONCERNS
    • X. RADIATION SAFETY IN IMAGING
    • Acknowledgments
    • XII. APPENDIX
    • XIV. APPROVAL
    • Footnotes
    • XIII. REFERENCES
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  • Dual-Time-Point 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in Parathyroid Imaging
  • Imaging of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Using a Cardiac Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Camera: Phantom Studies
  • Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma in the Carotid Sheath
  • Parathyroid Imaging with Simultaneous Acquisition of 99mTc-Sestamibi and 123I: The Relative Merits of Pinhole Collimation and SPECT/CT
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