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Research ArticleContinuing Education

Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly—Benefits for Glucose Control and Weight Loss with Side Effects of Delaying Gastric Emptying

Henry P. Parkman, Daniel S. Rim, Jonathan R. Anolik, Simin Dadparvar and Alan H. Maurer
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology January 2024, jnmt.123.266800; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.123.266800
Henry P. Parkman
Gastroenterology Section, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Daniel S. Rim
Gastroenterology Section, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Jonathan R. Anolik
Gastroenterology Section, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Simin Dadparvar
Gastroenterology Section, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Alan H. Maurer
Gastroenterology Section, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, and Nuclear Medicine Section, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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    TABLE 1.

    Glucagonlike Peptide-1 RAs Used for Glucose Control and Weight Management

    Generic nameBrand nameDosingHalf-lifeIndication
    GLP-1 RAs
     Short-acting GLP-1 RA
      ExenatideByetta (Eli Lilly)5–10 μg SQ twice daily2.4 hGlycemic control in adults with T2DM
      LixisenatideAdlyxin (Sanofi)10–20 μg SQ daily3 hDiabetes management in conjunction with insulin
      LiraglutideVictoza (Novo Nordisk)0.6–1.8 mg SQ daily13 hGlycemic control in T2DM
      LiraglutideSaxenda (Novo Nordisk)0.6–3 mg SQ daily13 hWeight loss and chronic weight management
     Long-acting GLP-1 RA
      DulaglutideTrulicity (Eli Lilly)0.75–4.5 mg SQ weekly5 dImprovement of blood sugar in T2DM
      SemaglutideRybelsus (Novo Nordisk)3–14 mg orally daily7 dTreatment of T2DM, an oral agent
      SemaglutideOzempic0.25 to 2 mg SQ weekly7 dDiabetes management; off label for weight management
      SemaglutideWegovy0.25–2.4 mg SQ weekly7 dApproved by Food and Drug Administration for chronic weight management
      Exenatide long-acting releaseBydureon Bcise (AstraZeneca)2 mg SQ weekly2 wkGlycemic control in adults with T2DM
    Dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 RAs
     TirzepatideMounjaro2.5–15 mg SQ weekly5 dTreatment for T2DM; off label for weight loss
     TirzepatideZepbound (Eli Lilly)5–15 mg SQ weekly5 dTreatment for obesity
    • SQ = subcutaneously; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 53 (1)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 53, Issue 1
March 1, 2025
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Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly—Benefits for Glucose Control and Weight Loss with Side Effects of Delaying Gastric Emptying
Henry P. Parkman, Daniel S. Rim, Jonathan R. Anolik, Simin Dadparvar, Alan H. Maurer
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jan 2024, jnmt.123.266800; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.123.266800
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Keywords

  • GLP-1 receptor agonists
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Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly—Benefits for Glucose Control and Weight Loss with Side Effects of Delaying Gastric Emptying
Henry P. Parkman, Daniel S. Rim, Jonathan R. Anolik, Simin Dadparvar, Alan H. Maurer
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Jan 2024, jnmt.123.266800; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.123.266800

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