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Cause Drug or process Complex formation with 99mTc Dextrose Decreased RBC labeling Digoxin Prazosin Propranolol Formation of RBC antibodies Immune disorders Leukemia and lymphoma Methyldopa Penicillin Prior transfusion or transplantation Prior transfusion or transplantation Excess stannous chloride Insufficient stannous chloride Oxidation or reduction of availability of stannous ion Cyclosporin Decreased hematocrit Heparin Hydralazine Mechanism unknown Calcium channel blockers Dipyridamole Doxorubicin Iodinated contrast Metronidazole Quinidine Ranitidine Sickle-cell disease Thalassemia Administered activity (intravenous) Organ receiving largest radiation dose (urinary bladder) Effective dose MBq mCi mGy/MBq rad/mCi mSv/MBq rem/mCi 555–1,100 15–30 0.012 0.044 0.0047 0.017 Administered activity (intravenous) Organ receiving largest radiation dose (urinary bladder) Effective dose MBq/kg mCi/kg mGy/MBq rad/mCi mSv/MBq rem/mCi 11.39–26.67 0.31–0.72 0.027 0.099 0.01121 0.042 Stage of gestation Fetal dose mGy/MBq rad/mCi Early 0.0070 0.030 3 mo 0.0055 0.020 6 mo 0.0040 0.015 9 mo 0.0033 0.012 Dose estimates for in vivo or in vitro labeling are only slightly different. The slightly higher values for in vitro labeling are presented here.
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- Article
- PREAMBLE
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. GOALS
- III. DEFINITIONS
- IV. COMMON CLINICAL INDICATIONS
- V. QUALIFICATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF PERSONNEL (IN THE UNITED STATES)
- VI. PROCEDURE/SPECIFICATIONS OF THE EXAMINATION
- VII. DOCUMENTATION/REPORTING
- VIII. EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION
- IX. QUALITY CONTROL AND IMPROVEMENT, SAFETY, INFECTION CONTROL, AND PATIENT EDUCATION CONCERNS
- X. RADIATION SAFETY IN IMAGING
- XI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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