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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

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Research ArticlePractice Management

Technical Peer Review: Methods and Outcomes

Andrew M. Keenan, Toni Cranston, Kelsey Hill and Derek J. Stocker
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology December 2017, 45 (4) 309-313; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.117.198473
Andrew M. Keenan
Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
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Toni Cranston
Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
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Kelsey Hill
Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
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Derek J. Stocker
Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
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  • Article
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

    • View popup
    TABLE 1

    Patient Order, Information, and Administrative Errors

    Minor findingMajor finding
    Patient or study not entered correctly into electronic medical record (EMR)Patient name misspelled
    Incorrect examination type or number selectedWrong patient name printed on labels
    Patient date of birth missingPatient identification number (ID) missing or incorrect
    Order incorrect but not reordered or reenteredPatient date of birth incorrect
    Order aborted but not cancelled in EMRStudy entered on wrong date
    Dual study but second order not generatedMultiple patients’ information in one record
    CT order not entered correctly in EMRConsent form missing or incomplete
    Patient history form incompletePaperwork not scanned into PACS and not available for scanning
    Study forms or worksheets incompleteWrong patient ID number entered in glucose meter
    Paperwork not scanned into PACS but still available for scanningFailure of on-call tech to notify on-call NM physician
    • View popup
    TABLE 2

    Radiopharmacy and Prescription Errors

    Minor findingMajor finding
    Patient ID incorrect, name misspelled, or date of birth incorrectRadiopharmaceutical dose not within specified parameters
    Pharmacy labels not present, not initialedResident/fellow radiopharmaceutical order not countersigned by staff physician/authorized user
    Wrong procedure code usedAltered biodistribution due to incorrect radiopharmaceutical dosing
    Prescription for pharmacologic agent missing (furosemide, regadenoson, cholecystokinin)Altered biodistribution due to radiopharmaceutical quality control failure
    Pregnancy form incompleteQuality-management-program worksheet missing or incomplete
    Pediatric dose not verifiedPregnancy test not performed
    Pregnancy form missing or incorrect
    • View popup
    TABLE 3

    Image Errors on Planar and SPECT Studies

    Minor findingMajor finding
    Missing labels: directional, study, view, imagePatient identification missing or incorrect
    Study-specific parameters missing (e.g., time or % of gastric-emptying meal consumed)Dynamic study acquired incorrectly; flow study not done, missed, early, or late
    Processing forms or worksheets missing or incompleteWrong collimator used; study not interpretable
    Date of study missing or incorrectIncorrect isotope window used; study not interpretable
    Region of interest too large, too small, or mislocated but does not cause incorrect interpretationArea of interest out of camera field of view (poor positioning)
    Generated data missing or not labeled correctlyRegion of interest too large, too small, or mislocated and causes incorrect interpretation
    Type of camera system not recorded on imagesStudy processed incorrectly, with incorrect data or results
    Technologist initials missing from imagesData incorrectly calculated (wrong formula used)
    Camera failure; patient moved to other systemIncorrect notations: directional, study, view, image labels, if they contribute to incorrect study interpretation
    Restarting of camera or computer requiredFurosemide or cholecystokinin not administered at correct time
    Study modification not recorded (e.g., patient inability to comply)Equipment failure; study cannot be performed for patient who has been dosed
    Images acquired in wrong projection
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    TABLE 4

    Image Errors on PET/CT Studies

    Minor findingMajor finding
    Processing forms or worksheets missing or incompletePatient fasting time inadequate
    Date of study missing or incorrectPatient glucose level too high (>200 mg/dL)
    Camera system used not recorded on imagesAcquisition incorrect: not imaged at 60 ± 10 min after radiopharmaceutical injection
    Technologist initials missing from imagesWrong injection time, wrong dose, or wrong patient weight entered into SUV program
    Pharmacy label, or pharmacist or technologist initials, missingContrast dose missing, incomplete, or incorrect
    Checklists missing or incompleteCT processed incorrectly or incompletely (field of view)
    Camera failure; patient moved to other systemMaximum-intensity projection missing or not done
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    TABLE 5

    Total Findings

    Calendar yearStudies reviewed (n)Findings identified (n)Frequency
    20123,8991,58441%
    20134,0131,36034%
    20144,1341,08726%
    20153,9321,23831%
    20163,7101,15131%
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    TABLE 6

    2016 Results

    MonthCases reviewed (n)Unacceptable studies (≥1 major finding or >3 minor findings)Unacceptable studiesMajor findingsMinor findings
    January260103.8%1066
    February335185.3%18102
    March378215.6%19126
    April336278.0%25100
    May315247.6%2484
    June2862910.1%29111
    July253145.5%1369
    August395297.3%29117
    September306268.5%26104
    October326216.4%21123
    November2763010.9%3168
    December2442811.5%3381
    Annual3,7102777.5%2781,151
    • View popup
    TABLE 7

    NM Staff Members, 2012–2016

    Frequency of findings by year
    NM staff (n)20122013201420152016
    New
     1NANANA21.7%20.4%
     2NANANANA30.1%
     3NANANA30.4%23.8%
     4NANANA11.5%10.5%
     5NA30.6%16.1%7.9%12.8%
     6NA32.2%16.9%8.0%12.8%
     7NANANANA32.9%
     8NANANANA18.2%
    Senior
     922.1%11.8%9%8.8%9.7%
     104.1%0%3.9%2.8%5.6%
     1132.2%17.3%14.4%15.2%11.7%
     123.3%1.8%4.8%4.9%0%
     1332.5%28.2%15.7%16.8%18.2%
     1417.9%14.8%11.2%10.5%11.3%
     1538.7%26.5%21.3%19.5%27.1%
     167.2%4.1%5%9.2%7.5%
     Mean19.8%13.1%10.7%11.0%11.4%
     SD13.9%10.8%6.2%5.8%8.2%
    • NA = not applicable.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology: 45 (4)
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
Vol. 45, Issue 4
December 1, 2017
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Technical Peer Review: Methods and Outcomes
Andrew M. Keenan, Toni Cranston, Kelsey Hill, Derek J. Stocker
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Dec 2017, 45 (4) 309-313; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.117.198473

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Technical Peer Review: Methods and Outcomes
Andrew M. Keenan, Toni Cranston, Kelsey Hill, Derek J. Stocker
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Dec 2017, 45 (4) 309-313; DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.117.198473
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