Nuclear Probes and Intraoperative Gamma Cameras
Section snippets
Statistics
Radioactive decay is a random process and therefore statistical fluctuations will occur in the measured counts or count rates arising from decay of radioactivity. Thus, if an intraoperative probe were used to repeatedly measure the counts or count rates from activity in a lymph node or tumor, slightly different values would be obtained for the repeat measurements. If such a measurement yields N counts, the standard deviation, σ, of the number of counts isand the percentage standard
General Types of Detectors
Radiation detectors can generally be characterized in their operation as either scintillation or ionization detectors.16, 21 In scintillation detectors, visible light produced as radiation excites atoms of a stopping medium (crystal) is converted to an electrical pulse (Fig. 5A). In ionization detectors, free electrons produced as radiation ionizes a stopping medium are collected as an electrical pulse (Fig. 5B). Scintillators used in scintillation-detector probes include thallium-doped sodium
Application-Specific Intraoperative Probes
In practice, the most important performance characteristics of an intraoperative probe are overall sensitivity (efficiency), energy resolution, and spatial resolution. Obviously, a probe having the highest sensitivity, lowest energy resolution and therefore best scatter rejection, and finest spatial resolution for all radionuclides used clinically would be the probe of choice. Unfortunately, no single probe has, or can have, the optimum values of each of these performance parameters. An
Potential Utility of Intraoperative Gamma Cameras
The sensitivity and specificity of detection of sentinel lymph nodes with the use of current approaches, such as preoperative gamma camera imaging, gamma probes, and the “blue dye” technique, are quite high. Newman,40 for example, performed a meta-analysis of nearly 70 published studies and found an overall sensitivity of more than 90% and a false-negative rate of only 8.4% for detection of such nodes in breast cancer. For preoperative gamma camera imaging, detection rates of 72-85% have been
References (61)
- et al.
The intraoperative gamma probe: Basic principles and choices available
Semin Nucl Med
(2000) - et al.
Lymphoscintigraphy, the sentinel node concept, and the intraoperative gamma probe in melanoma, breast cancer, and other potential cancers
Semin Nucl Med
(1997) - et al.
Role of routine preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer
Eur J Cancer
(2005) - et al.
Credentialing issues with sentinel lymph node staging for breast cancer
Am J Surg
(2000) - et al.
Update on detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer
Semin Nucl Med
(2005) - et al.
Gamma and beta intra-operative imaging probes
Nucl Instr Methods Physiol Res
(1997) The uses of nuclear disintegration in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumor
N Engl J Med
(1951)- et al.
A comprehensive overview of radioguided surgery using gamma detection probe technology
World J Surg Oncol
(2009)
The expanding clinical role for intraoperative gamma probes
Intraoperative probes
Comparison of in vivo scintillation probes and gamma cameras for detection of small, deep tumours
Phys Med Biol
Intraoperative beta probe: A device for detecting tissue labeled with positron or electron emitting isotopes during surgery
Med Phys
Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose-guided breast cancer surgery with a positron-sensitive probe: Validation in preclinical studies
J Nucl Med
A fiber-optically coupled positron-sensitive surgical probe
J Nucl Med
Comparison of NaI(Tl), CdTe, and HgI2 surgical probes: Physical characterization
Med Phys
A method to evaluate intra-operative gamma probes for sentinel lymph node localisation
Eur J Nucl Med
Comparison of NaI(T1), CdTe, and HgI2 surgical probes: Effect of scatter compensation on probe performance
Med Phys
Evaluation of surgical gamma probes for radioguided sentinel node localisation
Eur J Nucl Med
Comparison of sentinel gamma probes for 99mTc breast cancer surgery based on NEMA NU3-2004 standard
Nucl Med Commun
Intraoperative gamma probes: Systematic inter-comparison of 14 commercial devices under identical experimental conditions—introduction of a simple physical figure of merit
Eur J Nucl Med
Physical performance parameters of intraoperative probes
The intraoperative gamma probe: Design, safety, and operation
Design and use of radiation detector probes for intraoperative tumor detection using tumor-seeking radiotracers
Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry
Fundamentals of Electricity and Magnetism
Absorption of Ionizing Radiation
Cited by (95)
Impact of substitutional doping of Tl<sup>+</sup> on optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of NaF phosphor material
2023, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of SolidsRadioactivity counters and mono-channel probes
2022, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Volume 1-4Steerable DROP-IN radioguidance during minimal-invasive non-robotic cervical and endometrial sentinel lymph node surgery
2024, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging