Duration of Breastfeeding Interruption (Studies Listed Alphabetically from T to Z)
| Study | Radiopharmaceutical | Administered dose | Institution guidelines, 2022 | SNMMI/EANM procedure guideline (7)* | Stabin and Breitz (2) | ICRP 106 (8) | Leide- Svegborn (1)† | ACMUI (9)‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thyroid scan | 123I-NaI | 18.5 MBq | 4 d | NA | 0 | >3 wk | NA | 3 d |
| Thyroid scan | 99mTc-pertechnetate | 370 MBq | 12 h | NA | 4 h | 12 h | 12 h | 24 h |
| Thyroid uptake | 131I-NaI | 0.37 MBq | Stop | NA | Stop | >3 wk | Stop | Stop |
| Thyroid ablation (hyperthyroidism) | 131I-NaI | 185–1,110 MBq | Stop | Stop | Stop | >3 wk | Stop | Stop |
| Thyroid cancer ablation§ | 131I-NaI | 1,100–7,400 MBq | Stop 3 mo prior | Stop | Stop | >3 wk | Stop | Stop |
| Urea breath test | 14C-urea | 0.037 MBq | 0 | NA | NA | 0 | NA | NA |
| WBC scan | 111In-oxine WBC | 10–40 MBq | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | NA | 6 d |
| WBC scan | 99mTc-HMPAO WBC | 370–740 MBq | 24 h | NA | 48 h | 12 h | 0 | 24 h |
| 90Y-radiolabeled therapy | 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan | 15 MBq/kg | — | Stop | NA | NA | NA | NA |
↵* Or publicly available guidance documents.
↵† Recommendation was based on both internal and external radiation exposure.
↵‡ Single 24-h interruption period is recommended for 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals to simplify guidance.
↵§ For radioiodine ablation for thyroid cancer, discontinuation of breastfeeding of 3 mo is recommended before therapy to reduce radiation exposure to lactating breast.
NA = data not available; 0 = no breastfeeding cessation is necessary; WBC = white blood cell; HMPAO = hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime; — = not institutional procedure.