RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Pitfalls and Artifacts of 123I-Ioflupane SPECT in Parkinsonian Syndromes: A Quality Improvement Teaching Tool JF Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology JO J. Nucl. Med. Technol. FD Society of Nuclear Medicine SP 114 OP 119 DO 10.2967/jnmt.120.258491 VO 49 IS 2 A1 Tuma Santos, Cristiane A. A1 Wallace, William David A1 Kim, Sanghun A1 Vijayakumar, Vani YR 2021 UL http://tech.snmjournals.org/content/49/2/114.abstract AB The aim of the current article is to describe how to improve the quality of imaging with 123I-ioflupane SPECT and to serve as a teaching tool on this topic. The radiopharmaceutical 123I-ioflupane is used to visualize the nigrostriatal pathway. Parkinson disease and parkinsonian syndromes are movement disorders that exhibit nigrostriatal degeneration, with a decreased dopamine transporter level in the pathway and thus a decreased 123I-ioflupane distribution. Other nonparkinsonian movement disorders, such as essential tremor, will have intact dopaminergic neurons and exhibit a normal distribution of the radiopharmaceutical throughout the striata. Parkinsonian disorders are usually diagnosed clinically. However, 123I-ioflupane SPECT can be a valuable tool when the clinical features are not sufficiently clear. 123I-ioflupane SPECT image interpretation is not always straightforward. Many pitfalls, including biologic factors, technical factors, medications, and factors such as age, race, ethnicity, and body habitus, can make the interpretation challenging. The technologist and nuclear radiologist must identify the expected imaging findings to avoid the most common mistakes related to artifacts. This article reviews the usual pitfalls and artifacts of 123I-ioflupane SPECT that can compromise an accurate diagnosis and lead to misinterpretation of image findings.