PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Matthew F. Covington
AU  - Elizabeth Krupinski
AU  - Ryan J. Avery
AU  - Phillip H. Kuo
TI  - Classification Schema of Symptomatic Enterogastric Reflux Utilizing Sincalide Augmentation on Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
AID  - 10.2967/jnmt.114.141168
DP  - 2014 Sep 01
TA  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
PG  - 198--202
VI  - 42
IP  - 3
4099  - http://tech.snmjournals.org/content/42/3/198.short
4100  - http://tech.snmjournals.org/content/42/3/198.full
SO  - J. Nucl. Med. Technol.2014 Sep 01; 42
AB  - Enterogastric reflux (EGR) is the reflux of duodenal contents into the stomach. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy provides physiologic assessment of the biliary system and was used to test the hypothesis that presence and timing of EGR may be associated with infusion of sincalide, a surrogate of endogenous cholecystokinin. Methods: One hundred fifty-seven hepatobiliary scintigraphy studies were retrospectively reviewed. Data included EGR incidence on initial reports, incidence after masked second reads, and time of EGR onset in relation to sincalide infusion. EGR cases were then classified according to onset on pre-, post-, or both presincalide and postsincalide imaging. Results: Time of EGR onset at 19–24 minutes after start of a 15-min sincalide infusion differed significantly from normal (p<0.0001). EGR was initially reported in 14 of 157 cases (8.9%) but found in 38 of 157 cases on masked second reads (24.2%), corresponding to a 15.3% discrepancy rate. Conclusion: The temporal association of EGR onset with sincalide infusion may identify patients with EGR mimicking chronic cholecystitis or biliary dyskinesia. A novel classification schema was therefore developed as a framework for future research, utilizing EGR onset in relation to pre-, post-, or both presincalide and postsincalide imaging as a hypothetical biomarker of clinically significant EGR.